The major Islamic terrorist organisations responsible for the vast majority of global militant activity are categorised below by their primary networks and geographic operational regions. [1]
- Islamic State (IS / ISIS / ISIL): Operates globally; despite losing its physical "caliphate" territory in Iraq and Syria, it remains the deadliest international network.
- Al-Qaeda Core: The historical global network founded by Osama bin Laden, functioning as a decentralized command for regional affiliates. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
- Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham (HTS): The dominant Islamist militant faction operating in northwestern Syria, originally splintered from al-Qaeda.
- Hamas: A Palestinian Sunni Islamist political and military organization based primarily in the Gaza Strip.
- Hezbollah: A Lebanese Shia Islamist militant group and political party heavily backed by Iran.
- Houthis (Ansar Allah): A Yemeni Shia-Zaydi Islamist political and military movement. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
- Al-Shabaab: Somalia-based al-Qaeda affiliate operating heavily across the Horn of Africa.
- Boko Haram: A radical Islamist group centered in northeastern Nigeria and the Lake Chad basin.
- Islamic State West Africa Province (ISWAP): A highly active offshoot of Boko Haram that pledged allegiance to ISIS.
- Jama'at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin (JNIM): The primary coalition of al-Qaeda-aligned militant groups operating in the Sahel region, including Mali and Burkina Faso. [1, 2, 3]
- Islamic State – Khorasan Province (ISKP / ISIS-K): An ISIS affiliate operating out of Afghanistan and Pakistan, increasingly targeting international assets.
- Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP): Also known as the Pakistani Taliban, a distinct but aligned entity to the Afghan Taliban, waging insurgency against the Pakistani state.
- Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT): A Pakistan-based militant group primarily focused on regional operations in the Kashmir region and India.
- Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM): Another major Pakistan-based Islamist group active in the Kashmir conflict. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
- Jemaah Islamiyah (JI): A Southeast Asian militant network historically responsible for major attacks in Indonesia.
- Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG): A violent jihadist group based in the southern Philippines